Toyota Hilux VIGO Vs Nissan Navara D22

Here's a quick comparison between the Toyota Hilux and the D22 Nissan Navara or Frontier. The D22 Navara has been around for a long time (from the late 90's) and is a very popular commercial vehicle in many countries even in 2010 hence still manufactured.  See here for the newer D40 Nissan Navara Comparison

The D22 Navara may be old but it is a proven package meaning its reliability and other problems are well known which makes it a easy choice. It's much promoted ABN pricing also makes it very attractive to business operators who are also after a family friendly vehicle.  You can pack the kids up in the Navara, off to school then to work without any delay. Admittedly it applies to all the dual cab looks we are reviewing.
The D22 Navara may not be the most attractive car on the road with too much extra 'bling' (very SE Asian- if you've been there) but obviously its other features overcome any issues with the added cosmetics.
Specification comparison below!

 D22 Nissan Navara
VSToyota Hilux

It is tough to compare what is an ancient design with the newest Hilux for obvious reasons but since one of us had one as a first car and basically drove it everywhere albeit very slowly. Why? it was the old model with a 2.7 litre diesel with a whole 64Kw at 4300rpm and 180Nm 2200rpm!  At least it didn't break down until the final years of its life - but that was years ago now the new one is much better.

The current D22 has much more power than the earlier versions and it really needed it. It is adequately powered in this presumably final version but clearly nowhere near the current Hilux. 

The interior design may look old but at least the materials are good quality and the seat trim which probably belongs in a sporty version of a car rather than ute adds appeal.

In all honestly there it's that much difference between any of the various utilities we've tried. Although each one so far had some feature which we found worth a second look. The Hilux for example with the new 5 speed auto is very 'zippy' and only the Triton with its AWD system impressed. The D22 Navara impresses for being 90% as good as the current competition for a noticeably lower price. 

Its age and well known problems have been presumably addressed in the current D22 so should be a safe choice. 

We are slightly biased due the past ownership issue so as a quick summary if you want a dual cab utility and can live with the 90's interior and bling everywhere the value for money D22 Navara is probably the choice for you.

Toyota Hilux (4x4 VIGO 2010)

Engines
1GR-FE (modified)V6 Petrol
DOHC with VVTi EFI
4 Litre (3956cc)
Claimed 175Kw @ 5200 RPM
Claimed 376Nm @ 3800 RPM (MANUAL)
Claimed 343Nm @ 3800 RPM (AUTO)

1KD-FTV (modified)
IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
3 Litre (2982cc)
Claimed 126Kw @ 3600 RPM
Claimed 343Nm @ 1400-3400RPM
2TR-FE (modified)
IL4 Petrol
DOHC 16 valve with VVTi
2.7 Litre (2693cc)
Claimed 116Kw @ 5200RPM
Claimed 240Nm @ 3800RPM

Weight

1825 - 1905Kg
Towing capacity up to 2250kg

Fuel capacity & consumption

Up to 76 litres
IL6 Petrol 13-13.3 lts per 100km
IL4 Diesel 8.2-9.3 lts per 100km

 Other specifications

5 or 4 speed Auto
or 5 speed manual
Overall height/width 1810/1835
Overall length/Wheelbase 5255/3085
Track (front/rear) 1540/1540
Tray L1520mm x W1515mm x D450mm
Total payload capability 1000kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 4/5

Capability

Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 30
Departure 23-26
Breakover N/A
Minimum ground clearance 292mm
Water Fording depth 700mm Max
Part-time 4x4

Nissan Navara D22

Engines
YD25IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
2.5 Litre (2488cc)
Claimed 98Kw @ 3600 RPM
Claimed 304Nm @ 2000 RPM

Weight
1822Kg
Towing capacity up to 2800kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
Up to 75 litres
IL4 Diesel 9.2 lts per 100km

Other specifications
5 speed manual
Overall height/width 1725/1825
Overall length/Wheelbase 5180/2950
Track (front/rear) 1525/1505
Tray Lxxxxmm x Wxxxxmm x Dxxxmm
Total payload capability 1000kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 3/5

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach xx
Departure xx
Breakover xx
Minimum ground clearance 225mm
Water Fording depth xxmm Max
Part-time 4x4

Toyota Hilux Vs Nissan Navara

Here's a quick comparison between the  Toyota Hilux and the D40 Nissan Navara or Frontier. See here for the older D22 Navara Comparison

Well, you know by now the reasons we are comparing the Hilux and the Nissan Navara or Frontier as it is known in some parts of the world. The reason for a dual-cab definitely makes sense since the car can carry the family, go off road and deal with any sort of  business you can think off.

Since there are also business incentives in terms of tax deduction and business pricing for these types of cars if you are in our situation - you must consider the ute!

For 2011 The Navara will have the option of a new diesel engine code named V9X that develops 170Kw and 550Nm!

Specification comparison below!

D40 Nissan Navara
VSToyota Hilux 

Pricing list is for the 4x4 Hilux dual cab SR/SR5 and the Navara ST-X. The Navara ST-X was chosen because it is clearly the most popular version in Australia.  Nissan have recently introduced the Titanium version which has even more car like equipment.

The Navara's specifications listed below, I have compared the Hilux against are likewise for the 4x4 dual cab version.  And as you can see they are close overall.  I think choosing between the two would be based more on whether you want the most powerful engine.

However note that the Nissan Navara's engine requires more revs which may not be what you want being a utility vehicle and the gearbox which is not geared for speed. The Nissan has a higher towing capacity compared to the Hilux. Also there are notable differences height measurements between the diesel and petrol versions - I think this is odd!

The current series of Nissan Navara are also genuinely decent cars. When compared to the Hilux you will notice how more comfy the Navara is on the road. It rides better at presumably the expense of off-road capability. Performance is virtually identical the Toyota having the smoother response and more urge low down. The Nissan's interior looks better than the Hilux until the dashboard.

At this stage I would pick the Navara slightly ahead of the Hilux - and my main concern is whether I could live with the Nissan's interior, specifically the dashboard. Everything including the chunky styling are good however the dashboard is just too 80's (like the Pathfinder).

Toyota Hilux (4x4 Vigo 2010)

 Engines
1GR-FE (modified)V6 Petrol
DOHC with VVTi EFI
4 Litre (3956cc)
Claimed 175Kw @ 5200 RPM
Claimed 376Nm @ 3800 RPM (MANUAL)
Claimed 343Nm @ 3800 RPM (AUTO)

1KD-FTV (modified)
IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
3 Litre (2982cc)
Claimed 126Kw @ 3600 RPM
Claimed 343Nm @ 1400-3400RPM
2TR-FE (modified)
IL4 Petrol
DOHC 16 valve with VVTi
2.7 Litre (2693cc)
Claimed 116Kw @ 5200RPM
Claimed 240Nm @ 3800RPM

Weight
1825 - 1905Kg
Towing capacity up to 2250kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
Up to 76 litres
IL6 Petrol 13-13.3 lts per 100km
IL4 Diesel 8.2-9.3 lts per 100km

Other specifications
5 or 4 speed Auto
or 5 speed manual
Overall height/width 1810/1835
Overall length/Wheelbase 5255/3085
Track (front/rear) 1540/1540
Tray L1520mm x W1515mm x D450mm
Total payload capability 1000kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 4/5

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 30
Departure 23-26
Breakover N/A
Minimum ground clearance 292mm
Water Fording depth 700mm Max
Part-time 4x4

Nissan Navara (4x4 2010)

Engines
VK9X
V6 Diesel
DOHC Turbo charged with intercooler
Direct injection
3.0 Litre (2998cc)
Claimed 170Kw @ 3750RPM
Claimed 550Nm @ 1750RPM
VQ40
V6 Petrol
DOHC EFI
4 Litre (3954cc)
Claimed 198Kw @ 5600 RPM
Claimed 385Nm @ 4000 RPM

YD25 (May 2010)
IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
2.5 Litre (2488cc)
Claimed 126Kw @ 4000 RPM
Claimed 403Nm @ 2000 RPM
YD25II (May 2010)
IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
2.5 Litre (2488cc)
Claimed 140Kw @ 4000 RPM
Claimed 450Nm @ 2000 RPM

Weight
1940 - 2001Kg
Towing capacity up to 3000kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
Up to 80 litres
IL6 Petrol 13.6-14 lts per 100km
IL4 Diesel 9.8-10.5 lts per 100km

Other specifications
5 speed Auto
6 speed manual
Overall height/width 1779/1850
Overall length/Wheelbase 5230/3200
Track (front/rear) 1570/1570
Tray L1511mm x W1485mm x D457mm
Total payload capability 820kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 3/5

Capability

Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 29-32
Departure 22-27.5
Breakover N/A
Minimum ground clearance 205-217mm
Water Fording depth N/A
Part-time 4x4

Toyota Hilux(Vigo) Vs Mazda BT-50 and Ford Ranger

Here's a quick comparison between the Toyota Hilux and the Mazda BT-50 and its twin the Ford Ranger.

The Mazda BT-50 and Ford Ranger are interesting utes. Both are based on the platform but differ in specifications. First impressions are good because it once you're in it didn't feel like a pickups. They initially don't feel like commercial vehicles apart form getting into the cabin.

The Mazda and Ford interiors look like they are from regular sedans made in the early 2000's. Mazda in particular feels like the old Mazda 323 before they changed the name to 3. There are not many buttons to play with but at least it felt nicer to be in than some of the utes we've previously tried. Reused parts like the air vents and controls from the regular passenger models are worthy inclusions. I did like Mazda's more conservative shape but the latest Ford Ranger enhancements would probably be my choice if I did get one.

Mazda BT-50 and Ford Ranger  
VSToyota Hilux

The only things that count against it are the thin doors and smaller interior - or so it seemed. The engines are state of the art for 2010 and on paper produces as much if not more power and torque than the competing models.

The on-road drive is typical commercial vehicle with steering feel,  noise and refinement. If anything we thought the Ford drove and rode better than the Mazda. However the Hilux is still a better experience in the petrol version. In diesel from there really is not much difference.

As for its competitors stay tuned for some more comparisons over the next few months.  Our leader board reads like this:
1 - Triton
2 - BT-50 & Ford Ranger
3 - Navara
4 - Hilux

Note that you should always check with your local dealer for correct and up to date specifications and pricing.

 Toyota Hilux (4x4 Vigo 2010)



Engines
1GR-FE (modified)V6 Petrol
DOHC with VVTi EFI
4 Litre (3956cc)
Claimed 175Kw @ 5200RPM
Claimed 376Nm @ 3800RPM (MANUAL)
Claimed 343Nm @ 3800RPM (AUTO)

1KD-FTV (modified)
IL4 DOHC Diesel
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
3 Litre (2982cc)
Claimed 126Kw @ 3600RPM
Claimed 343Nm @ 1400-3400RPM
2TR-FE (modified)
IL4 Petrol
DOHC 16 valve with VVTi
2.7 Litre (2693cc)
Claimed 116Kw @ 5200RPM
Claimed 240Nm @ 3800RPM

Weight
1825 - 1905Kg
Towing capacity up to 2250kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
Up to 76 litres
IL6 Petrol 13-13.3 lts per 100km
IL4 Diesel 8.2-9.3 lts per 100km

Other specifications
5 or 4 speed Auto
or 5 speed manual
Overall height/ width 1810/1835
Overall length/Wheelbase 5255/3085
Track (front/rear) 1540/1540
Tray L1520mm x W1515mm x D450mm
Total payload capability 1000kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 4/5

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 30
Departure 23-26
Breakover N/A
Minimum ground clearance 292mm
Water Fording depth 700mm Max
Part-time 4x4

Mazda BT-50 and Ford Ranger

Engines
MZR-CD 3.0
IL4 Diesel
DOHC 16 Valve with EFI
Turbo-charged - Intercooler
Direct Injection - Common Rail
3.0 Litre (2953cc)
Claimed 115Kw @ 3200 RPM
Claimed 380Nm @ 1800 RPM

Weight
1885 - 1899Kg
Towing capacity up to 3000kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
Up to 70 litres
IL4 Diesel 9.5-10.4 lts per 100km

Other specifications
5 speed Auto
or 5 speed manual
Overall height/width 1762/1807
Overall length/Wheelbase 5169/3000
Track (front/rear) 1475/1470
Tray L1530mm x W1456mm x D465mm
Total payload capability 938kg (Approx)
ANCAP safety rating 3/5

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 32
Departure 26
Breakover 28
Minimum ground clearance 207mm
Water Fording depth N/A Max
Part-time 4x4

Toyota Prado Vs Hummer H3

I put this page up so that you can compare the Toyota Prado to the Hummer H3.

The Hummer H3 is the smallest Hummer you can get at the time of this writeup. Sure it looks like the original military version and that I guess is the main selling point!

The Hummer is one of the less compared models for some reason but when I tried one it is clear that you should at least have a good look. If there is one major problem is that the Hummer's interior feels small and cramped and the quality of materials could be much much better.  If you are bigger in size you may also find the door openings especially the rear tight.

Specification comparison below!

Hummer H3
VS120 SeriesToyota Prado 

Although the Hummer does look big in pictures - in reality it's not! Only a 5 seater. Nevertheless if it had better engine options I could live with owning one of these - maybe..

Note that specifications will change according to the trim models available and additional or less accessories. You should check the official Hummer website for your country for the most up to date information.

Landcruiser Prado

Engines 1GR-FEV6 Petrol
Quad Cam with VVTi EFI
4 Litre (3956cc)
Claimed 179Kw @ 5200RPM
Claimed 376Nm @ 3800RPM (Auto)
Claimed 343Nm @ 2400-2800RPM (Manual)

1KD-FTV
IL4 DOHC Turbo-charged
Direct Injection - Common Rail
3 Litre (2982cc)
Claimed 127Kw @ 3400RPM
Claimed 410Nm @ 1600RPM

Weight
Kerb weight 1900-2190 Kg
Towing capacity up to 2500Kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
180 litres (This is not an error)
V6 Petrol 13.5 litres per 100km
IL4 Diesel 9.3 litres per 100km

Other specifications
5 Speed Auto
or 6 speed manual transmission
Overall height 1905
Overall width 1875 (no mirrors)
Overall length 4850
Wheelbase 2790
Track (front/rear) 1575/1575

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 32
Departure 27
Minimum ground clearance 205mm

Hummer H3

Engines
3.7 IL5 IL5 Petrol
DOHC EFI
4.7 Litre (4701cc)
Claimed 180Kw @ 5600 RPM
Claimed 328Nm @ 4600 RPM

Weight
Kerb weight 2178 Kg
Towing capacity up to 2040kg

Fuel capacity & consumption
87 litres
IL5 3.7 Petrol 13.2-13.5 litres per 100km

Other specifications
4 speed Auto
or 5 speed manual transmission
Overall height 1872
Overall width 1989 (no mirrors)
Overall length 4782
Wheelbase 2841
Track (front/rear) 1651/1664

Capability
Angle of: (degrees)
Approach 37.5
Departure 35.5 
Minimum ground clearance 216mm

2009 Toyota Tundra Safety test

Toyota vigo 0-100 in 8 sec by Efast LE

Toyota Vigo vs Ford Triton Drag avenue

2008 Toyota Landcruiser Or 2008 Range Rover Sport

Hello Folks

I'll like to have your views in this comparison between the 2008 Model Toyota Landcruiser AND the 2008 Model Range Rover Sport considering factors like maintenance cost, ruggedness (ie. frequency of faults), pricing AND most importantly OUTLOOK (How you are perceived driving either of the two)

Personally; I love the Range Rover sport's design BUT something about it still has me bugging when i think about the air shocks/suspension and parts availability as compared to the Toyota. Is the Range Rover too flashy? does it suit professionals as compared to a Toyota? Most executives (In Nigeria) use Toyota - I really don't know why.

What do you think?

Toyota Landcruiser

Range Rover Sport

Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz

Styling

The W221 Mercedes S-Class' exterior styling is distinctly different to the Mercedes W220. The rear styling is similar to the Mercedes-Benz Maybach - the larger saloon from Daimler AG's flagship brand, which was presented to public in 1997.

Inside, the Mercedes W221's interior is also significantly different from the preceding model. The interior features an instrument cluster shroud that also contains the navigation screen, with silver effect air vents below, and a square, analog clock within the vents. Below the vents are metal tab switches with a black field behind them, to control the HVAC system. On the center console, a metal control wheel for the COMAND system sits above a piece of wood, surrounded by metal buttons. Throughout the interior, many buttons are metal, with black fields above them denoting the switches' function.

The Mercedes W221 is slightly larger in all dimensions than the Mercedes W220, with a longer wheelbase and more interior room.

The Mercedes S-Class is only available in the long wheelbase form in the USA.

Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes

Models

Mercedes 2009 facelift The revised 2009 S-Class Mercedes was announced on Apr 08, 2009 at Stuttgart. The minor model update includes minor cosmetic changes and several new features:Adaptive Highbeam Assist - detects vehicles with their lights on which are travelling towards or ahead of the car in which the system is fitted and controls the headlamps to ensure the largest possible range without dazzling other drivers. Blind Spot Assist - warning indicator on side mirror activates if vehicle detected in blind spot. Lane Keeping Assist - detects road markings and senses if the driver is inadvertently straying out of the lane. If so, the driver is warned by short vibrations of the steering wheel. This system can also distinguish between intentional (for example, overtaking or merging) and unintentional lane departures, reducing the number of false alarms. Speed Limit Assist - identifies speed limit signs in passing and shows the relevant speed limit in the central display. It is standard for S 600 Mercedes. Attention Assist - continuously monitors more than 70 different parameters to detect driver fatigue and tiredness. Once the system detects behaviour that typically indicates the onset of drowsiness, a warning signal is sounded and "ATTENTION ASSIST. Break!" appears in the instrument cluster. It is not standard on the S 400 Mercedes HYBRID. Active Body Control (ABC) crosswind compensation - uses the sensors of the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) to vary the wheel load distribution via the ABC spring struts, depending on the direction and intensity of the crosswind, in order to reduce the adverse effects of crosswinds. This is standard on the S 600 Mercedes. Torque Vectoring Brake - brakes the inside rear wheel during cornering to enhance handling and safety by reducing understeer. The updated models went on sale in June 2009. Early models include S 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, S 450 CDI, S 350, S 400 HYBRID, S 450, S 500, S 600. S 320 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY (2008-2009) Mercedes It is a replacement of S 320 CDI Mercedes with improved fuel efficiency. Changes include on-demand electric hydraulic power steering pump, standstill decoupling for the 7G-TRONIC automatic transmission, 17-inch light-alloy wheels with reduced rolling resistance tyres. Germany model has MSRP of €70,864.50 (incl. VAT) for short wheelbase version, €78,718.50 (incl. VAT) for long-wheelbase version. S 400 Mercedes Hybrid (2009-) 2010 Mercedes-Benz S400 BlueHybrid (US) The S400 Mercedes BlueHybrid is a mild hybrid and the first hybrid car to adopt a lithium ion battery. The battery pack was supplied by Continental AG and the cells were provided by Johnson Controls-Saft. The S400 Mercedes BlueHybrid was unveiled in the 2009 Chicago Auto Show. US models went on sale in August 2009, but were delivered to dealers in 2009-

10. Japan models went on sale in October 2009. The 3.5 liter V6 engine in the vehicle, combined with the hybrid system, develops 295 horsepower (220 kW) and 284 pound-feet (385 N·m) of torque. It gets 19 miles per US gallon (12 L/100 km; 23 mpg-imp) in the city and 26 miles per US gallon (9.0 L/100 k

m; 31 mpg-imp) on the highway.

Mercedes-Benz

The Mercedes-Benz S-Class is a series of large luxury sedans produced by Mercedes-Benz, a division of Daimler AG. The classification was officially introduced in 1972 with the W116 S-Class, which succeeded previous Mercedes-Benz models dating to the mid-1950s. As the flagship of the Mercedes-Benz lineup, the S-Class has debuted many of the company's latest innovations, including drivetrain technologies, interior features, and safety systems (such as the first seatbelt pretensioners). The S-Class Mercedes has ranked as the world's best-selling luxury flagship sedan, and its latest generation, the W221 S-Class Mercedes, premiered in 2006 as an all-new design. As in previous iterations, the W221 S-Class is sold in standard and long wheelbase versions; V6, V8, V12, diesel and hybrid powertrains Mercedes are offered.The name "S-Class" derives from the German word "Sonderklasse" of which "S-Class" is an abbreviation. Sonderklasse means "special class" (or rather: "In a class of its own"), and in automotive terms thus refers to "a specially outfitted car." Although used colloquially for decades, following its official application in 1972, five generations of officially-named S-Class sedans have been produced. Past two-door coupe models of the S-Class Mercedes were known as SEC and later S-Coupe Mercedes. In 1998 they were spun off in a separate line as the CL-Class Mercedes, however it will be re-designated as the S-Coupe Mercedes for the 2011 model year.

Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class

Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class

The Mercedes SLK is a compact roadster manufactured by Mercedes-Benz in two generations, R170 and R171, since 1997. As one of the first modern retractable hardtop convertibles, the Mercedes SLK followed the 1995 Mitsubishi 3000GT Spyder and preceded other retractable hardtops such as the Peugeot 206cc, Lexus SC, Mercedes-Benz SL-Class, Pontiac G6 and the Chrysler Sebring. The designation Mercedes SLK derives from the company's design mission to create a roadster that was at once sporty, light and short — in German: Sportlich, Leicht und Kurz. The term Mercedes SLK-Class is a Mercedes marketing term referring to the vehicle in all its engine configurations across both design generations.

The R170-platform Mercedes SLK 230 Kompressor was introduced in 1997 for model year 1998 to compete with the Porsche Boxster and BMW Z3. Setting it apart was its folding hardtop, though its additional weight compromised the performance of the 193 hp 2.3 L supercharged I4 engine and automatic transmission. The Mercedes SLK was on Car and Driver's Ten Best list for 1997.A 5-speed manual transmission was added for 1999 along with the 215 hp 3.2 L V6 and 6-speed manual transmission in the 2001 Mercedes SLK 320.

An Mercedes AMG model was added in 2001, with a 354 hp (264 kW) supercharged version of the 3.2 L V6. This Mercedes SLK 32 AMG was the best-performing R170 Mercedes SLK, and was a direct rival of the BMW M Roadster and Porsche Boxster S. It was only offered with automatic transmission and was hand built.

Not all Mercedes SLKs were built in Bremen, Germany, the Mercedes SLK 320 being built in South Africa and Mexico. The very first R170 Mercedes SLK was completed on January 29, 1997 and last on April 7, 2004.

Summary of all versions and engine specifications:

Mercedes SLK 200 - 2.0 L (1998 cc) 136 hp I4

Mercedes SLK 200 Kompressor - 2.0 L (1998 cc) 163 hp I4 supercharged engine, 0-60 mph in 8.2 seconds, top speed of 223 km/h (138 mph). NB Not exported to North American markets.

Mercedes SLK 230 Kompressor - 2.3 L (2295 cc) 197 hp I4 supercharged engine, 0-60 mph in 6.9 seconds, top speed of 240 km/h (148 mph).

Mercedes SLK 320 - 3.2 L (3199 cc) 218 hp V6 engine, 0-60 mph in 6.5 seconds, top speed of 245 km/h (152 mph).

Mercedes SLK 32 AMG - 3.2 L (3199 cc) 354 hp V6 engine, 0-60 mph in 4.5 seconds. All engines were hand-built by AMG by an individual engineer. The engine came with an intercooled Lysholm-type "twin-screw" supercharger. Production ran between Aug 2000 and March 2004. Only 4,333 were built in total, of which 979 were retained for Germany, 2,056 exported to the USA and 263 to the UK.

Mercedes Fintail (1959)

The Mercedes W111 "Fintail" series debuted in 1959. Initially powered by a line of straight-6 engines (the M180 and M127), it set a new standard for luxury. In 1961, the W111 series was augmented with a line of 3.0 L straight-6 cars, the Mercedes W112. The Mercedes W112 was the most luxurious model in the Mercedes-Benz lineup until surpassed by the Mercedes W100 line's model 600 limousines in 1963. The Mercedes W111/W112 lines contained sedan, coupe, and convertible Mercedes models.

The Fintail was among the first cars in the world to have crumple zones and disc brakes, and for the top of range Mercedes W112 models, an air suspension. The characteristic name referred to a styling feature on the rear section of the Mercedes W111/W112 models, the Heckflosse ("Fintail") which resembled the larger fins then in fashion on American luxury cars produced by Cadillac and Buick.

 

The Mercedes W112 300SE sedan, as "300 SE long" with a 10 cm longer wheelbase, was for the short period the top model of Mercedes, succeeding the baroque "Großer Mercedes" ("Grand Mercedes") 300, 300b, 300c, and 300d, which were often associated with chancellor Konrad Adenauer. Since the debut of the Mercedes W111 300SEL, each iteration of the Mercedes S-Class has included short and long wheelbase models, with the latter models (such as the W109) typically being the most luxurious, powerful, and well-equipped. In 1965, the Mercedes W111 line also added the Mercedes 230S sedan.

The larger Mercedes W111/W112 Fintail models should not be confused with a smaller Fintail line, the Mercedes

W110, which was also produced in 1961 (derived from the W111 line) and was essentially the predecessor of today's Mercedes E-Class. The Mercedes W110 featured a shorter hood for the "economy" models 190c and 190Dc. The different six-cylinder "S"-versions of the Mercedes W111 mainly differed from the smaller 4-cylinder Mercedes W110 variants by a different length of the front, and the amount of chrome applied.

Mercedes W108 (1965)

With Mercedes "Fintails" being passé and dropped in favor of a look similar to the Mercedes 600, the updated and larger Mercedes W108/W109 lines were introduced in 1965. With the Mercedes W108/W109 series, the range received V8 power for the first time (from 1969). The Mercedes W108 line launched with an initial lineup of straight-6 powered models using the M129, 2.5 liter engine. The unusual high-displacement 300 SEL 6.3 V8 model was based on this body type. The Mercedes W108 line, which included the Mercedes 250S, 250SE, 280S 280SE and 280SEL (long wheelbase) models, was larger than the Fintail models it replaced, and also eliminated the characteristic design feature of the previous model.

During this period, the designation S or SE was used for short wheelbase models including Mercedes 250S, 250SE, 280S, 280SE and 300SE. The "E" stands for the German word "Einspritzen" which was a reference to the vehicle being equipped with fuel injection for the engine. Vehicles without the E designation as part of the model number or nomenclature retained the carburetor setup. Long wheelbase models (extended by 4 inches in the rear doors) were designated SEL (L= lang or long). Since the advent of the Mercedes W108 series, the Mercedes-Benz S-Class has always included two wheelbase lengths, although not all wheelbases are sold in every country. The Mercedes 300 SE and Mercedes 300 SEL models were classified as Mercedes W109 chassis and had rear air suspension compared to coil spring based rear suspension of Mercedes W108 models. The more powerful Mercedes 300SE and Mercedes 300SEL models were the most luxurious versions of the Mercedes W108 line, with available burl walnut interior trim, automatic transmission, and power windows.

 

In 1968, the Mercedes W108 line dropped the Mercedes 250S and Mercedes 250SE in favor of Mercedes S-Class models with the larger engined 280S (in carbureted form) and the 280SE (with fuel injection); the 300SE/SEL models were later offered with a 3.5 litre V8 engine (in both the SE and SEL form) and 4.5 litre and 6.3 litre V8 engines (in the SEL model only). The W108/109 lines, which eventually supplanted the W111 lines, were not available with 4-cylinder engines, and thus established the distinct S-Class market position which continues to the present day.

Mercedes S-Class models W116 (1972)

In 1973, Mercedes-Benz introduced the Mercedes W116 line, the first to be officially called the S-Class. Produced from 1972 through 1979, the Mercedes W116 series featured a four-wheel independent suspension and disc brakes. The Mercedes 280, 350, and 450 (4.5L version) models featured SE and SEL versions. Production of the Mercedes W116 totaled 473,035 units. This was a groundbreaking sedan for Mercedes-Benz, and for the first time in the company history, the car had an obvious, blatant and outward emphasis on safety placed above a pure styling viewpoint. The overall design incorporated numerous safety features developed from the "safety research vehicles" in the mid-to-late 1960s to the very early 1970s.
luxury sedans. The Mercedes W116 was larger on the outside than the Mercedes W108/W109 series it replaced, but had similar interior capacity, as the additional bulk was driven by several new and aforementioned engineering developments on car safety and occupant protection in a crash. The Mercedes W116 introduced other improved passive safety features into the vehicle design, including a strengthened vehicle occupant shell. It was one of the first cars to be available with ABS, a driver's airbag supplemental restraint system (but not available at the vehicle's initial launch), and the first appearance of a turbocharger for the diesel engine.

These safety features were all newly-introduced passenger-car "firsts" on a production vehicle: padded door trim around the windows, heavily padded steering wheel (later to be replaced by an airbag with the Mercedes-Benz abbreviation of SRS standing for the English-language term Supplemental Restraint System), more comprehensive safety padding on the dashboard and around the interior, dual asymmetric windshield wipers, headrests with a center depression to locate the occupant's head in a more central position during a rear impact, a rain-water management system to improve visibility consisting of deep channels on both sides of the windshield and flowing into deeply channeled rain gutters, including similar designs on the side mirrors, rounded body shapes along the edges, such as the tops of the front fenders, etc., designed to ameliorate pedestrian injuries, ribbed rear taillamp lenses which would remain clearer of dirt on the recessed areas, an easy-to-access first aid kit stowed in a recessed compartment on the rear parcel shelf prominently labeled with the universally-recognized "cross" symbol which represents "first aid", and several other subtle safety features related to both active and passive safety.

The Mercedes W116 models were large

The Mercedes 450SE, then the most powerful model in the Mercedes W116 lineup, was awarded European Car of the Year in 1974. At the New England Auto Show in 1972 held in the fall season in Boston, the Munroney Label (window sticker) of a 1973 Mercedes 450SE was right at $13,000. 1973 was the first model year of the Mercedes W116 for the US market. Starting in 1975, the Mercedes W116 was upgraded with a new fuel injection system in order to comply with revised exhaust emission standards in European markets. A slight power reduction was a result of this update, but in 1978, a series of further engine upgrades restored original performance levels under the new fuel injection systems.

Engines

With the Mercedes W116 models, the V8-engines of the Mercedes 350/450 SE/SEL models were now regular options. Due to the oil crisis, fuel efficiency was the major concern for the engineers, yet they still added also the high-performance, limited-production 450 SEL 6.9. This 8-cylinder model, affectionately referred to as simply "the 6.9", boasted the largest engine installed in a postwar Mercedes-Benz up to that time. Every 450 SEL 6.9 featured a self-leveling hydropneumatic suspension, and offered the ABS anti-lock braking system as an option from 1978 onwards. Also, in the United States and Canada only, Mercedes-Benz introduced the economical but powerful 3.0 liter 5-cylinder turbodiesel in 1978, sold as the Mercedes 300SD.

Mercedes Ponton (1954)

The Mercedes W180 line debuted in 1954, and is the first lineup of "Ponton" models associated with the Mercedes-Benz S-Class. The Mercedes W180 featured six-cylinder sedan, coupé, and convertible models, and was produced until 1957. The later Mercedes W128 lineup, introduced in the mid-to-late 1950s, was the last to be associated with the "Ponton" name. It featured the 220a, 219 (W105), 220S, and 220SE models (sedan, coupé, and cabriolet) powered by a 2.2L straight-6, and came to ten. The Mercedes "Ponton" designation referred to pontoon fenders, a stylistic feature on the W180/W128 models.

The "Ponton" lineup included four- and six-cylinder models, but only the six-cylinder Mercedes W180 and W128 lines are considered part of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class chronology, as they were the most powerful "Ponton" versions available. Both "Ponton" models were Mercedes' first without a conventional frame, using a unitized body/frame construction.

Toyota Highlander Hybrid 2011 pictures

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Toyota Highlander Hybrid  interior

Toyota Highlander Hybrid 2011

Toyota has significantly revised its popular Toyota Highlander and Toyota Highlander Hybrid crossover sport utility vehicles for 2011, giving them enhanced styling, additional standard amenities and new user technology.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

The 2.7-liter four-cylinder engine, which was available only in the Toyota Highlander Base grade model for 2010, is now also offered in the SE, the most popular grade (2WD only). The Toyota Highlander Hybrid debuts a more powerful and advanced 3.5-liter V6 gasoline engine, along with a standard Tech Audio Package and unique exterior design elements.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

The 2011 Toyota Highlander is available in Base, Toyota SE and Toyota Limited grades in both two-wheel (2WD) and full-time four-wheel-drive (4WD). A 270-horsepower 3.5-liter V6 is standard on the Limited grade and available for the others. All Toyota Highlander Hybrid models are equipped with four-wheel-drive with intelligence and available in Base and Limited grades.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid
The first-generation Toyota Highlander pioneered the midsize crossover utility vehicle segment, ushering in car-like performance, comfort and fuel efficiency yet with SUV-like roominess and versatility. The second-generation Toyota Highlander amplifies those attributes and is among the leaders in the segment in standard active and passive safety features.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

New Styling Details for 2011The Toyota Highlander gets a sophisticated design update for 2011 featuring a new front fascia, hood and fenders, with the profile freshened by black rockers with chrome accents (gas models only). The headlights and tail lamps are also redesigned, as are the 17-inch alloy wheels. The Limited Grade offers stylish 19-inch wheels and also features silver roof rails. The SE grade gains a power liftgate.

The 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid is more easily distinguished from the gasoline model by its own unique grille and bumper design. It shares the new fenders and hood with the gas Toyota Highlander but features color-keyed rockers with chrome accents, plus vertically stacked fog lamps. The projector beam headlights and redesigned taillights feature blue lens covers. Daytime running lamps are now standard on all Toyota Highlander models.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Expanded Amenities and Tech for 2011
The Toyota Highlander remains a popular family vehicle and caters to that market more effectively for 2011 with more standard amenities and user technologies. In particular, Base and SE grades feature more comfort and convenience features than previously offered. A standard 50/50 split third-row seat and manual rear climate control have been made standard for all 2011 models.

The new Tech Audio is standard for SE and Limited and optional for Base grade and features a USB port, integrated XM Satellite Radio (includes 90-day trial subscription) and Bluetooth®, helping ensure a wide array of “connected” capabilities for passengers. In the Base grade, this is part of a more comprehensive package that also includes a backup monitor with 3.5-inch multi-information display, an eight-way power drivers seat, tonneau cover, engine immobilizer, easy-clean fabric interior, flip-up liftgate window, fog lamps and black roof rails.

The Toyota Highlander Hybrid base grade offers a new Leather Package that includes leather-trimmed front seats with front seat heaters, leather-trimmed steering wheel and shift knob, power moonroof, HomeLink®, auto-dimming rearview mirror with compass, plus an engine immobilizer with security alarm. The optional navigation system is now available for the SE grade (previously only on Limited), while the Limited gains standard automatic climate control for the rear and offers a new perforated leather. The Highlander Hybrid Base grade gains standard easy-clean fabric seating, along with an eight-way power driver’s seat, the Tech Audio, the third-row seat and manual rear climate control.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid
Performance and EfficiencyThe Toyota Highlander offers three distinct types of performance: a 2.7-liter four-cylinder engine joined the lineup in 2009, offering an EPA-estimated 25 MPG rating in highway driving. The 2.7-liter engine produces 187 horsepower and 186 lb.-ft. of peak torque.

The engine is equipped with a variable intake manifold and dual variable valve timing with intelligence (VVT-i), which controls phasing on both the intake and exhaust camshafts to optimize torque and fuel efficiency. The four-cylinder engine is teamed exclusively with a standard six-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission.

The available 3.5-liter V6 (standard on Limited) produces 270 horsepower at 6,200 RPM and 248 lb.-ft. of torque at 4,700 RPM. The V6, also, is equipped with dual VVT-i and a variable intake manifold. A five-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission (ECT) offers selectable manual sequential shifting.

The Toyota Highlander Hybrid model’s Hybrid Synergy Drive features a new, more powerful 3.5-liter V6 for 2011, replacing the previous 3.3-liter V6. The system pairs the gasoline V6 engine with a high-torque electric drive motor-generator for total system output of 280 net horsepower. A second rear-mounted motor provides automatic on-demand four-wheel drive traction. The 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid receives EPA estimated fuel economy ratings of 28 MPG city and 28 MPG highway.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

The 4WD Toyota Highlander Hybrid uniquely generates rear-wheel power with a separate electric motor (MGR) that provides additional drive torque on demand. Thus, the Toyota Highlander Hybrid 4WD-i system does not require power-transfer gearing or a driveshaft from the front. The system electronically varies front and rear torque distribution depending on traction conditions.

Activating an EV mode switch located on the front center console allows the driver to operate strictly in electric-mode under certain conditions for a limited distance at low speeds, or in some stop-and-go driving conditions. A new ECON drive mode switch activates a throttle control program that reduces the throttle response during acceleration, enhancing fuel economy. The Toyota Hybrid System Indicator in the instrument gauge panel provides the driver with a guideline to help maximize fuel consumption.

Handling and Ride
The Toyota Highlander continues to build on its strength of delivering one of the most capable, smooth and quiet rides in the segment. Four-wheel independent suspension is via MacPherson struts in front and a dual-link strut rear suspension system. Base and SE Toyota Highlander models are equipped with standard 17-inch alloy wheels with 245/65 R17 tires; the Limited features standard 19-inch alloy wheels with 245/55 R19 tires. A direct tire pressure monitoring system is designed to alert the driver if pressure in a tire drops to critical levels. All Highlander models are equipped with four-wheel disc brakes. On conventional Highlander 4WD models, full-time four-wheel drive is available on all V6 grades.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Active Safety
Toyota Highlander comes standard with Toyota's Star Safety System™. This system integrates operation of enhanced Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TRAC), Electric Power Steering (EPS) and the anti-lock brake system (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist (BA).

Enhanced VSC helps the driver maintain control by automatically adjusting engine output and braking force at each wheel under certain conditions while also providing steering assistance in the appropriate direction through Electric Power Steering (EPS). Gasoline Highlander models are also equipped with a straight-line steering feature. When varying traction causes ABS to apply different left/right braking force, the system can apply steering torque to help offset left/right pull.

The Toyota Highlander Hybrid employs the advanced Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) system. VDIM is designed to enhance handling, traction and braking systems that normally react to vehicle driving conditions by anticipating tire slippage before a skid, slide or wheel spin occurs and helps to make corrections in a smooth, progressive way. In addition to integrating all of the Highlander's dynamic control systems (VSC, TRAC, BA, EPS, EBD and ABS), the VDIM system also employs powerful proprietary software to integrate the Electronic Throttle Control with intelligence (ETC-i) and Electronically Controlled Brakes (ECB).

All Toyota Highlander models incorporate a corner-braking feature. Harnessing the integration of the vehicle’s dynamic control systems, this feature limits brake pressure on inside wheels during cornering to help enhance control through the turn. Standard on all models, Hill-Start Assist Control helps prevent the vehicle from rolling backward from a stop by applying braking pressure for approximately two seconds.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Downhill Assist Control (DAC) is standard equipment on all gas 4WD models. The DAC feature is designed to maintain a constant speed and maintain handling and steering control by reducing wheel lock under braking even at slow speeds on slippery descents.

Occupant SafetyToyota Highlander comes standard with seven airbags. These include advanced driver and front passenger airbags, front seat-mounted side airbags and a driver's knee airbag. Roll-sensing side curtain airbags help to protect the occupants of all three rows in the event of certain side collisions or vehicle rollovers. Additionally, all Toyota Highlander models are standard equipped with front active headrests.

Comfort and ConvenienceStandard features on all Toyota Highlander models include front and rear air conditioning; eight-way adjustable driver's seat (10-way on Limited); power door locks and windows with driver's window jam protection and auto-up/down feature; manual tilt and telescopic steering wheel; cruise control; multi-function keyless entry system; UV-reduction windshield and rear privacy glass; digital clock; dual sun visors with vanity mirrors and sliding extensions; conversation mirror; illuminated entry system; scheduled maintenance indicator light; full-size spare tire and more.

The Toyota Highlander SE and Toyota Limited grades feature a standard backup camera with a 3.5-inch multi-information display; this feature is available for Base grade models for 2011 as part of the optional Tech Package. The display includes a backup camera monitor, clock, outside temperature, warning messages, and cruise information that includes average fuel economy, average speed, distance to empty, current fuel economy, and trip timer. On models equipped with the optional navigation system, the backup camera's images are viewed on the seven-inch navigation screen.

OptionsA variety of available options and accessories include a voice-activated touch screen navigation system with an eight-inch screen; JBL premium audio; leather seat trim with heated front seats, and a power tilt/slide moonroof. The optional tow package for V6 models enables up to 5,000-pound maximum towing capacity. The four-cylinder tow package enables up to 3,500 pounds of maximum towing capacity. A power liftgate that can be opened and closed with a key fob is an available option on the Base grade and standard on SE and Limited.

Exterior DesignDesigned at Calty Design Research in Newport Beach, Calif., the second-generation Toyota Highlander moves away from traditional SUV styling cues. Clean, sculpted lines, a wide, stable stance and muscular contours give Toyota Highlander a contemporary, dynamic presence. The Base grade Toyota Highlander could be mistaken for an upgrade model with its six-spoke 17-inch machined alloy wheels, color-keyed power remote outside mirrors, and silver-painted front grille. The Limited looks the luxury part with chrome door handles and roof rails, puddle lamps and rear spoiler.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid

Interior DesignThe Toyota Highlander provides an open, airy and versatile interior with seating for seven or up to 95.4 cubic feet of total cargo capacity (94.1 for Toyota Highlander Hybrid). There are numerous storage compartments throughout the cabin, along with 10 cup holders, four bottle holders, two front and one cargo-area 12-volt auxiliary power outlets and cargo area tie down hooks.

The Toyota Base and Toyota SE grades feature a center console, shift knob with silver-painted accents and front driver and passenger assist grips. The center console, shift knob and assist grip on the Limited grade feature wood grain-style trim. Styling features on the inside of the Highlander Hybrid include a silver and wood grain-style interior trim with chrome door handle accents, Optitron meters with blue graphics and a power meter with a hybrid system indicator.

The headrests are adjustable in two ways on the Base grade and four different ways on SE and Limited. The second row provides 40/20/40 split seatbacks. The seat functions as either a three-person bench or, by removing the Center Stow™ seat, a pair of captain's chairs complete with armrests, creating a convenient walk-through area between the seats for easier access to the third row. A Center Stow™ center console can also be placed between the seats to provide additional storage. The second row also slides fore and aft and reclines.

Access to the third-row is made easy by placing the walk-in lever at an easy to reach position at the bottom of the passenger-side second-row seat. Standard one-touch levers inside the cargo area allow the second-row seats to fold forward and flat. The third-row seats function in a similar manner, using a lever in the back of the seat.

Production of the conventional engine Highlander, Toyota’s 12th North American-built model, began in October 2009 at the company’s plant in Princeton, Indiana. Moving the Highlander assembly line to this facility represented a $450 million investment.

Photo: 2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid